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Measurement of respiratory mechanics (total lung capacity with He (TLC He), total lung capacity with plethysmography (TLC pleth) and total lung capacity with N2 (TLC N2)) and the usefulness of the alveolar volume (AV)/total lung capacity (TLC) ratio
Respiratory muscle strength: maximum inspiratory power, maximum expiratory power and sniff nasal inspiratory power
Step 1: evaluation of the utility of ABG and capillary blood gas
Step 2: diagnosis of A-B disorders: Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and the relationship between partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) and pH
Step 3: more on A-B disorders: importance of the D(A-a) difference, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) the alveolar gas equation and measuring oxygen shunts
General symptoms of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and extrapulmonary involvement in some ILDs such as sarcoidosis and connective tissue disease (CTD)-associated ILD (CTD-ILD)
Vasculitides, extrapulmonary involvement and ILDs
CTD
Rare lung diseases such as lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)
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